Prevalence of Cardiotoxicity Induced by Chemotherapy Measured by Dobutamine Stress Echocardiogram (DSE) in BSMMU

Background: Cardiotoxicity related to cancer treatment is an alarming source of significant morbidity and mortality, and may differ from subclinical myocardial dysfunction to irreversible heart failure or even death. DSE is a safe, feasible, and accurate modality for finding of myocardial ischemia and prognostication in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease, particularly when they have limited exercise capacity.Materials& Methods:This study is a cross-sectional observational study which was conducted at the department of Cardiology, in BSMMU, Dhaka from June 2019- December 2019. The sample size for this study was 50.Results:The mean age was 56� where 17(34%) of the respondents were <65 years and 33(66%) were >65 years. The male respondent was 35(70%) where female was 15(30%). Diabetes was found in 3(6%) cases and followed by Acute ischemia, Hypertension 6(12%), Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 4(8%), ACE-inhibitors 5(10%), Beta-blockers 3(6%), Nitrates 3(6%). Acute leukemia was found in 13(26%). in M12-18 was 45�and followed by mean of LVESD (mm) was 27� 29� 29� 30� 30� 31� Mean of IVSd (mm) was 9� 9� 9� 9� 8� 8� Mean of Peak E (cm/s) was 80�, 76�, 74�, 73�, 66� 63� and the p-value was seen <0.001 which denotes a significant improvement in treatment (p<0.005).Conclusions:The early discovery of cardiotoxicity may ensure the improved chemotherapeutic process and timely management of the treatment of cardiomyopathy, such as beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors.

Tolerance of dark septate endophytic fungi (DSE) to 1 agrochemicals in vitro / Tolerancia de hongos endofíticos septados oscuros a agroquímicos in vitro

Abstract Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are a heterogeneous group of fungi, mostly belonging to the Phylum Ascomycota, that are involved in a mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots. The aim of this study is to evaluate the behavior of two strains of DSE isolated from wheat roots of two cropping areas in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, against some agrochemicals. Of all the isolates obtained, two strains were identified as Alternaria alternata and Cochliobolus sp. These DSE were found to be tolerant to glyphosate, carbendazim and cypermethrin when evaluated at the recommended agronomic dose (AD), 2 AD and, in some cases, 10 AD. This work contributes to the study of the biology of this group of fungi and their tolerance in the presence of xenobiotics widely used in agriculture.© 2019 Asociaci´on Argentina de Microbiolog´ıa. Published by Elsevier Espa˜na, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/).

Resumen Los endófitos septados oscuros (DSE) son un grupo heterogéneo de hongos que participan de una simbiosis mutualista con raíces de plantas, perteneciendo principalmente al Phylum Ascomycota. El objetivo de este estudio fue aislar DSE de raíces de trigo proveniente de dos áreas de cultivo de la provincia de Buenos Aires y evaluar el comportamiento de dos cepas de DSE aisladas de raíces de trigo frente a algunos agroquímicos en dos áreas de cultivo de la provincia de Buenos Aires. De todos los aislamientos obtenidos se seleccionaron dos cepas que se identificaron como Alternaria alternata y Cochliobolus sp. Se encontró que estos DSE son tolerantes al glifosato, el carbendazim y la cipermetrina, evaluados a las dosis agronómicas recomendadas (AD), a 2x AD y, en algunos casos, a 10x AD. Este trabajo contribuye al conocimiento de la biología de este grupo de hongos y su tolerancia a xenobióticos ampliamente utilizados en la agricultura.

Contribution of dark septate fungi to the nutrient uptake and growth of rice plants

ABSTRACT The use of dark septate fungi (DSE) to promote plant growth can be beneficial to agriculture, and these organisms are important allies in the search for sustainable agriculture practices. This study investigates the contribution of dark septate fungi to the absorption of nutrients by rice plants and their ensuing growth. Four dark septate fungi isolates that were identified by Internal transcribed spacer phylogeny were inoculated in rice seeds (Cv. Piauí). The resulting root colonization was estimated and the kinetic parameters Vmax and Km were calculated from the nitrate contents of the nutrient solution. The macronutrient levels in the shoots, and the NO3--N, NH4+-N, free amino-N and soluble sugars in the roots, sheathes and leaves were measured. The rice roots were significantly colonized by all of the fungi, but in particular, isolate A103 increased the fresh and dry biomass of the shoots and the number of tillers per plant, amino-N, and soluble sugars as well as the N, P, K, Mg and S contents in comparison with the control treatment. When inoculated with isolates A103 and A101, the plants presented lower Km values, indicating affinity increases for NO3--N absorption. Therefore, the A103 Pleosporales fungus presented the highest potential for the promotion of rice plant growth, increasing the tillering and nutrients uptake, especially N (due to an enhanced affinity for N uptake) and P.

Dark septate endophyte decreases stress on rice plants

Abstract Abiotic stress is one of the major limiting factors for plant development and productivity, which makes it important to identify microorganisms capable of increasing plant tolerance to stress. Dark septate endophytes can be symbionts of plants. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of dark septate endophytes isolates to reduce the effects of water stress in the rice varieties Nipponbare and Piauí. The experiments were performed under gnotobiotic conditions, and the water stress was induced with PEG. Four dark septate endophytes were isolated from the roots of wild rice (Oryza glumaepatula) collected from the Brazilian Amazon. Plant height as well as shoot and root fresh and dry matter were measured. Leaf protein concentrations and antioxidant enzyme activity were also estimated. The dark septate endophytes were grown in vitro in Petri dishes containing culture medium; they exhibited different levels of tolerance to salinity and water stress. The two rice varieties tested responded differently to inoculation with dark septate endophytes. Endophytes promoted rice plant growth both in the presence and in the absence of a water deficit. Decreased oxidative stress in plants in response to inoculation was observed in nearly all inoculated treatments, as indicated by the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Dark septate endophytes fungi were shown to increase the tolerance of rice plants to stress caused by water deficiency.

Disección Submucosal Endoscópica con Hibrid-Knife: Experiencia Preliminar en Latinoamérica / Endoscopic submucosal dissection Hybrid Knife: Preliminary experience in Latin American

Introducción: La disección submucosal endoscópica con Hybrid Knife (DSEH) es una técnica prometedora para la resección de tumores en etapa temprana. Hay poca data en Latinoamérica. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio prospectivo-descriptivo (marzo 2011 - marzo 2012). Se incluyeron 25 pacientes (16 hombres, 9 mujeres), edades comprendidas entre 52-72 años (X=62,52 años). Se realizaron 25 procedimientos DSEH. Las indicaciones fueron: tumores subepiteliales (7), neoplasia de colon y recto (16), neoplasia precoz gástrica (2). Resultados: DSEH fue técnicamente posible en todas (25) las lesiones (100%). La resección en bloque y márgenes libres de lesión se obtuvieron en todos los casos. El tamaño de la mucosa disecada fue entre 2-7 cms (X=3,8 cms). El tiempo endoscópico fue entre 45-120 minutos(X=84,4 minutos). Perforación ocurrió en 2 casos, siendo resuelta con tratamiento endoscópico (clips). Mortalidad no fue reportada. Conclusiones: Los resultados preliminares sugieren que la DSE con Hibrid Knife (DSEH), parece ser una buena opción para el tratamiento endoscópico de tumores en etapa temprana gástricos, recto colónico y tumores carcinoides. Estudios controlados, aleatorizados de la DSE con Hibrid Knife, en comparación con otros dispositivos son necesarios.

Introduction: Endoscopic submucosal dissection Hybrid Knife (ESD-HK) is a promising technique for resection of early stage tumors. Few data in Latin America. Patients and methods: Prospective, descriptive study (March 2011-2012). 25 patients (16 men, 9 women), mean age 62.52 years (52-72 years).25 procedures were performed. Indications: sub-epithelial tumors (7), colorectal neoplasia (16) early gastric neoplasia (2) Results: ESD-HK was technically possible in all (25) lesions (100%). En bloc resection and free margins were obtained in all cases. The diameter of dissected mucosa was between 2-7 cms(X=3.8 cms) The time was between 45-120 minutes(X= 84.4 minutes). Perforation occurred in 2 cases being resolved with endoscopic treatment (clips). Mortality was not reported. Conclusions: Our preliminary results suggest that the DSE with Hibrid Knife (DSEH) seems to be a good option for endoscopic treatment of early stage gastric tumors, colon and rectal carcinoid tumors. Studies controlled, randomized DSE with Hibrid Knife, compared with other devices are needed.

Isolation, identification and antimicrobial activities of endophytic fungi of Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To examine the diversity and antimicrobial activities of the endophytic fungi of Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng. METHODS: The identification of the fungi was carried out by rDNA-ITS sequence analysis. The antimicrobial activities of the isolated endophytic fungi were determined by agar block test. RESULTS: Nineteen strains of various endophytes were obtained from the roots, stems and leaves of D. versipellis, which were molecularly identified to belong to eight catalogues and thirteen genuses. The DV04 had remarkable antimicrobial activities to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Morphological and molecular identification demonstrated that DV04 represented Leptodontidium sp.. CONCLUSION: The endophytic fungi in Dysosma versipellis are diverse and rich. Some strains such as DV04 deserve further research as an alternative antimicrobial resource.

Disección submucosa endoscópica (dse) para el tratamiento curativo del cáncer gástrico precoz: experiencia inicial en Costa Rica / Endoscopic submucosal dissection (esd) for the curative treatment of early gastric cancer: initial experience in Costa Rica

OBJETIVO. Reportar el primer caso de disección submucosa endoscópica (DSE) en Costa Rica y analizar el futuro impacto de esta técnica en el abordaje del cáncer gástrico precoz en este país. Pacientes y métodos. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 67 años, quien tras una endoscopia digestiva alta por leve epigastralgia, se le encuentra una lesión elevada sésil no ulcerada (0-IIa) de aproximadamente 12 milímetros localizada en el antro hacia la curvatura mayor. Posterior al resultado histopatológico de adenocarcinoma bien diferenciado limitado a mucosa, la paciente fue sometida a una disección submucosa en una pieza (en-bloc) de la lesión por vía endoscópica. RESULTADOS. La DSE fue realizada sin ninguna complicación, como sangrado o perforación, intra o postoperatoria. El tiempo operatorio fue de 65 minutos. Con el análisis histopatológico del especimen en-bloc se confirmó el diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma intramucoso con márgenes negativos. CONCLUSIÓN. La DSE promete ser una excelente alternativa para el tratamiento curativo del cáncer gástrico precoz, siendo un método más costo-efectivo, y menos invasivo, ofreciendo una mejor calidad de vida al paciente con iguales resultados a largo plazo que la cirugía convencional a cielo abierto.

OBJECTIVES. To report the first case of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in Costa Rica and to analyze the future impact of this technique for the treatment of early gastric cancer in this country. PATIENTS AND METHODS. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman who underwent an upper endoscopy for mild epigastralgia, resulting in a 12 mm non-ulcerated sessile lesion (0-IIa) located in the antrum at the greater curvature. After biopsy confirmation of a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma limited to the mucosa, the patient underwent anendoscopic submucosal dissection for the en-bloc resection of the lesion. RESULTS. The ESD was successfully performed without intra- or postoperative complications such as bleeding and perforation. Operation time was 65 minutes. Histopathological analysis of the en-bloc specimen confirmed the diagnosis of intramucosal well differentiated adenocarcinoma with negative margins. CONCLUSION. ESD is novel alternative for the curative treatment of early gastric cancer, due to its cost-effectiveness, less invasiveness, which provides a better quality of life for the patient than that of conventional open surgery with same long-term results.